Sofor

صفر

Draft: needs vet review

Type: Camels
Region: Saudi Arabia, Gulf
Main use: Milk, meat
Known for: Hardy

This information is general. For doses and treatment, always ask your vet.

About

Hardy

Real photos are coming, each with the photographer's name and license.

Benefits & uses

Milk, meat

MeatMilk

Food

Desert browse, alfalfa or hay, barley or dates for working camels. Salt freely, full drinks when water is offered.

Common vaccines

Camel pox, clostridial, haemorrhagic septicaemia, Rift Valley fever where advised.

Draft: needs vet review

Water and general notes: Water: 30-60 liters per day if drinking daily, and lactating camels need more. Camels need more salt than other animals: about 100-150 g per day or a salt lick available at all times.

Feeding by stage and goal

Stage	Weight / goal (kg)	Intake (% of weight)	Ration protein (%)	Energy TDN (%)	Daily ration example
Suckling calf (0-6 months)	30-100		16-18	70	Colostrum first 6 hours, mother's milk, and from the first month Alfalfa hay and starter
Weaned grower (6-18 months)	100-250	2-2.5	14-16	60-65	3-5 kg Alfalfa hay + 1-2 kg concentrate
Fattening (Hiran)	150-350	2-2.5	12-14	65-70	3-5 kg concentrate + Alfalfa hay or straw. Gain 0.5-0.8 kg daily
Dry she-camel (maintenance)	450-650	1.5-2	8-10	50-55	Grazing and desert plants, or 8-10 kg hay and straw + 1 kg barley
Gestation: last 3 months	450-650	2	11-12	60	Maintenance ration + 2-3 kg concentrate
Lactating she-camel	450-650	2.5-3	13-15	60-65	8-10 kg Alfalfa hay + 3-5 kg concentrate (about 0.4-0.5 kg per liter)
Breeding male	600-800	2	10-12	60	Roughage + 3-4 kg barley in breeding season (winter)
Racing and work	300-450	2-2.5	12	70	Alfalfa hay + barley or oats and dates depending on effort

Concentrate mixtures (parts per 100 kg)

Mixture	Minerals/Vitamins	Salt	Limestone	Dates or Molasses	Soybean meal 44%	Bran	Yellow corn	Barley	Approx. protein
Lactating she-camels and fattening	1	2	1	2	12	22	15	45	15٪

For calves (Hiran), use calf starter.

Vaccine and care calendar, from birth to sale

Age / timing	Action
Day of birth	Colostrum within 6 hours, disinfect navel with iodine
3 months	Clostridial diseases first dose, booster after 4 weeks, first deworming
6 months	Camel pox, Hemorrhagic septicemia
According to the region	Rift Valley fever and Rabies where recommended
Every year	Camel pox, Clostridial diseases, Hemorrhagic septicemia
Every 3-6 months	Deworming, spraying against mange and ticks, control of flies that transmit Trypanosomiasis (Surra)
Last two months of gestation	Booster dose of clostridial vaccine for the she-camel
Before sale, slaughter, or selling milk	Make sure the withdrawal period for the last medication has passed

Common diseases

Disease	Signs	What to do	Prevention
Camel Pox	Fever and pustules on the lips and head then the body, especially in calves (Hiran)	Isolate and call a vet	Annual vaccination
Mange	Severe itching, hair loss, thickened skin	Vet, and treat the whole herd together	Isolate the infected, periodic spraying
Trypanosomiasis (Surra)	Weakness and emaciation, anemia, intermittent fever, abortion	Vet after a blood test	Control of biting flies
Calf Diarrhea (Hiran)	Diarrhea, dehydration, weakness in the first weeks	Oral rehydration solution immediately and a vet	Sufficient colostrum, cleanliness
Brucellosis	Abortion, and may show no symptoms. Transmitted to humans from raw milk	Vet and report	Periodic testing, boil milk before drinking
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV)	Often asymptomatic, or mild nasal discharge in calves. Can be transmitted to humans	Vet and report	Wash hands after handling, boiled milk
Mastitis	Hot and swollen udder, altered milk	Vet	Milking hygiene