Poultry
11 breeds
Feeding
Starter, grower and finisher feed in order; layer feed with calcium. Clean water, dry litter, no mouldy feed.
Common vaccines
Newcastle, infectious bronchitis, Gumboro, Marek's, fowl pox; ducks: duck hepatitis, duck plague.
This information is general. For doses and treatment, always ask your vet.
Breeds
Fayoumi
فيومي
Egypt · Eggs
Baladi chicken
بلدي
Egypt · Eggs, meat
Dandarawi
دندراوي
Upper Egypt · Eggs
Sasso
ساسو
France · Meat
Broilers
تسمين أبيض
Global · Meat
Layers
بياض
Global · Eggs
Muscovy duck
بط مسكوفي
Common in Egypt · Meat
Pekin duck
بط بكيني
Global · Meat
Turkey
رومي
Global · Meat
Pigeons
حمام
Egypt, region · Meat
Japanese quail
سمان
Global · Eggs, meat
Feeding by stage and goal
Water and general notes: Brooding temperature: 32-33 degrees the first week, decreasing 2-3 degrees each week down to 21-24. Water is about double the weight of feed consumed, and more in the heat.
Feeding by stage and goal
| Stage | Weight / goal (kg) | Intake (% of weight) | Ration protein (%) | Energy TDN (%) | Daily ration example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White broiler: Starter (1-10 days) | 22-23 | 3000 | Crumbled or small pellets, free choice | ||
| White broiler: Grower (11-24 days) | 21 | 3100 | Free choice | ||
| White broiler: Finisher (25 days to sale) | 2.2-2.5 | 19 | 3200 | The chicken eats about 3.2-3.5 kg of feed to a weight of 2.2-2.5 kg at 35 days (FCR 1.5-1.6) | |
| Layers: Chicks (0-6 weeks) | 19-20 | 2900 | Free choice | ||
| Layers: Pullet (7-16 weeks) | 15-16 | 2850 | Monitor weight to avoid getting fat | ||
| Layers: Pre-lay (17-18 weeks) | 16-17 | 2850 | Calcium 2-2.5% | ||
| Layers: Production (from 19 weeks) | 16-17 | 2750-2850 | 110-120 g per hen per day, calcium 3.8-4.2%, 16 hours of light | ||
| Baladi, Fayoumi, and Sasso chickens (All stages) | أقل بـ 1-2 عن الأبيض | أقل بـ 100–150 | Slower growth, sale at 8-12 weeks | ||
| Ducks: Starter (0-3 weeks) | 20-22 | 2900 | Deep water to cover the beak | ||
| Ducks: Grower and finisher (3 weeks to sale) | 3 | 16-18 | 3000 | Pekin sold at 6-7 weeks (approx. 3 kg), and Muscovy at 10-12 weeks | |
| Turkey: Starter (0-4 weeks) | 26-28 | 2800 | Turkeys need higher protein than chickens | ||
| Quail: Starter (0-3 weeks) | 24 | 2900 | About 10-15 g per day | ||
| Quail: Layer (from 6 weeks) | 20 | 2800 | 25-30 g per day, calcium approx. 3% |
Concentrate mixtures (parts per 100 kg)
| Mixture | Yellow corn | Soybean meal 46% | Bran | Oil | Limestone | Dicalcium phosphate | Salt | Premix and amino acids | Approx. protein |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Broiler starter | 56.5 | 36 | 3 | 1.2 | 2 | 0.3 | 1 (بريمكس 0٫5 + ميثيونين وليسين) | 21-22% | |
| Broiler finisher | 64 | 28 | 4 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 18-19% | |
| Layer production | 60 | 25 | 3.5 | — | 9 | 1.5 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 17% |
Each mixture totals 100 kg. Ready-made mixtures from reliable factories are safer for the small-scale poultry farmer, because amino acids and vitamins need precise weighing.
Vaccine and care calendar, from birth to sale
| Age / timing | Action |
|---|---|
| Day 1 | (Broiler) Newcastle + Infectious Bronchitis (hatchery spray) | (Layer) Marek's + Newcastle + Infectious Bronchitis | (Duck) Viral Hepatitis (1-3 days) |
| 7-10 days | (Broiler) Newcastle (eye drop), and Avian Influenza (injection) where required | (Layer) Newcastle + Infectious Bronchitis, Influenza where required | (Duck) Influenza where required |
| 12-14 days | (Broiler) Gumboro |
| 18-21 days | (Broiler) Newcastle (LaSota), and Gumboro booster depending on the area | (Layer) Gumboro booster |
| 3-4 weeks | (Duck) Duck Plague |
| 28 days | (Broiler) Newcastle depending on the area |
| 6-8 weeks | (Layer) Fowl Pox (wing web stab) | (Duck) Duck Plague booster |
| 16-18 weeks | (Layer) Killed vaccine: Newcastle + Infectious Bronchitis + Egg Drop Syndrome before production |
| During production | (Layer) Newcastle every 6-8 weeks according to the vet |
| Before slaughter or egg sale | Ensure withdrawal period for any drug has passed |
Common diseases
| Disease | Signs | What to do | Prevention |
|---|---|---|---|
| Avian Influenza | High sudden mortality, swelling of the head, cyanosis of the comb. Can be transmitted to humans | Report to vet authorities immediately, do not sell or slaughter | Biosecurity, prevent wild birds, vaccinate where required |
| Newcastle | Respiratory problems, twisted neck (torticollis), greenish diarrhea, high mortality | Vet immediately | Vaccination on schedule |
| Gumboro | At 3-6 weeks: lethargy, ruffled feathers, whitish diarrhea | Vet | Vaccination |
| Coccidiosis | Diarrhea (sometimes bloody), lethargy | Vet | Dry litter, appropriate stocking density |
| Infectious Bronchitis | Sneezing and coughing, drop in egg production, misshapen shells | Vet | Vaccination |
| Mycoplasma (CRD) | Sneezing, facial swelling, respiratory sounds | Vet | Good ventilation, chicks from a reliable source |
| Marek's | Paralysis of leg or wing in young layers | Vet | Day 1 vaccination |
| Fowl Pox | Scabs on comb and wattles | Vet | Vaccination, mosquito control |
| Duck Plague | High mortality, diarrhea, tears, leg weakness | Vet immediately | Vaccination |
This information is general. For doses and treatment, always ask your vet.